Kodayake nailan yana da kyau kwarai da kayan masarufi da kayan masarufi, yana da matukar tasiri dangane da kayan masarufi, kuma yana da babban raunin da haɗarin aminci. An auna kaddarorin kadarorin da aka auna na tsabta na elon tare da matsayin V-0 94, darajar Loi mafi girma daga 24%. Don haka, sabon harshen wuta na nahlon ya zama babban batun zafi wanda ya tayar da damuwar da yawancin masana kimiyya a duk duniya.
Fig.1
Faidai: Shafin Jami'an Stock official
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da kare muhalli na duniya, da ba na carbon Hallogenation ya more, an yi wa kowa jin daɗin kare muhalli da kowa ya yaba kuma kowa ya yaba da shi. Greenerarancin kare muhalli da harshen wuta tare da flame mai ba da izini, wanda ba shi da Halogenated, wanda ba mai guba ba ne, kare hayaki a cikin ci gaban sabuwar masana'antar ta hanyar China. Hoto na 2 zane ne na tsarin aiwatar da aikin polymer.
Fig. 2 Tsarin zane na tsarin polymer Compate
Fig. 3 Wuta mai ban sha'awa ta po66, masu haɗin PA6, masu haɗin Pa6, Fasters
Fig. 4 flame retardant nylon don motocin lantarki na yanar gizo
Ⅰ.Nau'in flame ramuka
Agitsi retardant metards ne ramukan wuta wanda zai iya hana hana daukar kayan kayanku da kuma hana ruwa zuwa yaduwar harshen wuta.
Har zuwa yanayin kasuwar kasuwa ta yanzu a China, kayan aikin kara dorewa har yanzu sune manyan samfuran kasuwar da ke faruwa a cikin tsarin kasuwa a cikin kasuwar kasuwa a kasar Sin. Kodayake fasahar mashin da aka kara a polymer mai sauki ne idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin gargajiya, zai iya biyan bukatun fashin gargajiya na gargajiya tsari. Saboda haka, yawan sabbin nau'ikan ramayen harshen wuta ya samar kuma masana'antu sun fi.
Koyaya, yana da sauƙin haifar ko yana shafar kayan aiki na zahiri da kayan aiki na kayan aiki da kuma kayan haɗin gwiwa masu yawa, kuma sau da yawa akwai lahani iri-iri da kuma kayan haɗin matsakaici da ke tattare da su ba kusa da darajar da ta dace ba.
Abubuwan halaye na flame masu tsayayyen wuta sune cewa suna iya samun ƙarancin zafin jiki kaɗan, in mun gwada da kyakkyawan sakamako da kuma flame retard da kayan aikin polymer da aka ambata a sama. Haka kuma, haramun ne na kayan masarufi na kayan aiki yana da low, kuma sakamakon aikin da ke tattare da shi kuma ƙanana ne, amma tsarin samarwa yana da matukar rikitarwa.
Dangane da nau'ikan abubuwa daban-daban a cikin babban flame masu ritaya, ana iya sake rarraba su cikin jerin ƙwayoyin cuta, jerin ƙirar ƙwayar cuta, tsarin ƙwayar cuta, tsarin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, magnesium jerin aluminum. Dangane da rarrabuwa da daidaitaccen abu na ko an rage kayan aikin don aiki da kwayoyin halitta gaba ɗaya da kuma talakawa harshen wuta.
Fig.5
Faidai: Shafin Yanar Gizo na Ehperor
A cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata, bin na iya aiki da aminci da inganci, ba da isasshen hayaki da kuma ingantaccen bincike na freean ƙasa da kuma ingantaccen bincike na flamutant na gaba ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwa.
Ⅱ.The aikace-aikacen wuta na Wuta a Polyamide
1.Harshen Wuta
Ferarfin harshen wuta ya kasance yana nufin azaman semi-na halitta da kariya ta muhalli, amfani da abubuwa zai zama da yawa. A halin yanzu, MG (OH) 2, Al (o (oh) 3 da sauran hydroxides har yanzu wani sabon nau'in harshen wutar lantarki na halitta waɗanda sune manyan aikace-aikacen masana'antu a China.
Take MG (OH) 2 a matsayin misali misali, yana da ayyukan haɓakawa, Redardny na haɓaka da shanun haya. Hanyoyi na jiki da harshen iskar shaye-shaye suna da yawa kamar haka: ƙarshen ƙarshen rashin daidaituwa don saurin hancin kai don saurin sanyaya kayan masarufi.
A lokaci guda, saboda yawan adadin ƙarancin zafin jiki mai cike da ruwan hoda mai ƙarfi, kuma yana iya ba da wani ɓangare na ɗan lokaci da kuma haɓakar wasu samfuran a cikin High Production Cikin babban Haske. A lokaci guda, m high-zazzabi sake fasalin opides na hade da yawa na oxamen kayan da kuma ke haifar da karfin shaye-shaye na shaye-shaye a cikin mafita polymer polymer.
A farfajiya na waɗannan manyan zafin jiki polymer na iya zama da sauri outidized oxidized oxidized extom of isasshen fim da zafi buga zafi adana, harshen wuta da kuma adonardatic.
Fig.6 Inorganic flame Redardant
Tsarin Inorganic na Inorganic na Inororic da aka kara wa kayan Polymer ba shi da yawa a tsarin Polyamifization na Murmushi na yanzu, da alama wannan harshen wutar lantarki na yau da kullun ba ya ci gaba ci gaba da amfani da yawa sosai kuma yadda ya kamata.
Abubuwan da aka saba nau'ikan sabbin flame da yawa suna da kyau phosphoric acid, boric acium phorium chloride, sodium berax da sauransu. Jin xuefen et al. An ba da shawarar cewa samfuran biyu kamar nailan da na 66 aka ƙara tare da hypophosphate don haɓaka Wuta Redardant. Nazarin ya mai da hankali ne a kan abubuwan da aka gyara guda uku (fe2O3) da jerin abubuwan da suka dace da su na kayan wuta da kuma tasirin abubuwan da suke jingina.
Ta hanyar bincike na data Calorimeter bayanai, nazarin nauyin asarar pyrolysis mai nauyin pyo3 da kuma inganta wutar lantarki, inganta wasan kwaikwayo mai kyau, inganta martani da bazawa. Ingancin da ke tasiri da na dindindin carboned Layer yana iyakawa mafi girman kwayoyin ƙoshin gas da muhimmanci yana rage yawan ƙwayoyin ƙasa masu wahala a cikin tsarin shingen gas.
Fig.7 Nylon Flame Redardant
Faidai: Shafin yanar gizo na sabon kayan Yinyuan
Tare da EPolit Op 1312 ML Flamant OP 1312 Fiye da BPS da RP RP Redardant.na da kuma yawan tasirin da ba a iya trardant Grpa66, da kuma fassarar wuta da nuna gaskiya ba. Idan aka kwatanta da BPS da Rp Wuta Redardant Grpa66, kamar yadda cikakken fahimta na aiki, harshen wuta da kuma Epolit OP 1312 m1 yana da fa'idodi a bayyane.
Tare da karuwa na hankali da ƙari na harshen wuta na Halamus, harshen wuta na karfafa gwiwa kamar na Neylon 66 za a ƙara ƙaruwa mafi kyau. Lokacin da takaita rabo daga Halagen-Free Flame na Halamus
Levchik et al. Aikin Phosphorus ja da sauran flame revame revame da kuma nau'ikan retardant ƙari a cikin Nylon 6 suna da haɓaka ƙimar wuta da harshen wuta.
Lvcicksv ya kara yawan phosphorus 3 da 1 Part na MG (OH) 2 da sauran Rage Wuta na Retardantes a cikin nailan, bi da bi. Jimlar abubuwan da ke tattare da sinadaran guda biyu da aka lissafta 20% ~ 50% na jimlar resin kayan. Zai iya tabbatar da cewa cikakkiyar alamun fasaha na samarwa da kuma ingancin samfuran na iya zama mafi kyau, kuma da yawan kayan wuta na CTI na ƙimar ƙasar ta ƙasa.
2. Wuta na Gaske
2.1 FLAMANT FLAMARTTANTS
A cikin phosphate ester flame kayan, an raba shi cikin kayan esan esposits da ke dauke da kayan aikin halogen-free su ne shi kadai ko kuma su zama shi kadai ko kuma su kasance shi kadai ko kuma su kasance shi kadai ko kuma su kasance shi kadai ko kuma su zama shi kaɗai ko kuma su kasance shi kadai.
Fig.8 phosphorous flame ramardts
Faidai: Shafin Yanar Gizo
Ba a buƙatar samfuran samfuran da ba su buƙatar su ƙunshi ƙananan adadin sauran abubuwan da aka lalata da fasahar fasahar mutane ba a gida da waje.
Triphenyl Polyphate, Isotririole Toluene Surfulate Phosphate, Gwaji Phosphate da sauran lalata nau'in polyphosphate sun fi dojimin su fiye da dozin na kayan abinci. Koyaya, saboda suna dauke da abubuwan da yawa, kayayyakin da aka fifita kayan kwalliya suna da lahani masu inganci da yawa, kamar zafi mai zafi da ƙarancin zafin jiki. Saboda haka, samar da ci gaba da aikace-aikace mara kyau polymer pxsphate products suna da iyaka.
Triisopropyl Phisphate, wanda aka samu nasarar bunkasa kamfanin da aka samu a cikin 1968, yana da manyan halaye na matsanancin haske, kariyar gashi, juriya da yanayin ultraviolet, kariyar zazzabi, karancin zazzabi da juriya na zazzabi. Shiri da samar da tsari na Trisopropylbenzene mai sauƙin sauƙaƙewa ne, kayan kwalliyar kayan abinci, polymer na halitta da sauran filayen kayan cinikin kayayyakin.
Yang minfen et al. ya nuna cewa babban abun ciki na oxygen ya karu tare da karuwar rabo na ramukan harshen wuta. Lokacin da ƙari adadin BIS (2-Carboxyethyl, Phosphamethyethyhylamile na Monohamate ya kasance 6% (Furctionarshe taro), ƙimar Loi ta iya kaiwa 6.8% matakin. Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa lokacin da ƙari rabo daga BIS (2-Carboxyethyl, Phosphamethhorethylamine sama da 2% ya fi girma sosai don wuce matsayin V-0 94.
Wang Zhangyu et al. Rubuce kansu zuwa polymerization 66 polymerization na nailan monomer kuma zai iya zama da yawa ko kuma na fitar da yawan m melimine polyphate monomer (MPP) don polymerization. Sakamakon gwajin duk ya nuna cewa lokacin da jimlar MPP a cikin monomer ya kai 25% na wutar lantarki na iya zama 120pta, shawo kan ƙarfi na ƙasa na iya zama 60psa, shawo kan ƙarfi na ƙasashe, m².
Phosphorus Nau'in ramukan wuta suna da fa'idodi na musamman na wadanda ba masu guba ba, ƙarancin hayaƙi, kuma sun fi ƙarfin hayaki mai yawa, kuma sannu a hankali ya zama sabon yanayin binciken ɗan adam.
2.2 Nitrogen nau'in harshen wuta
A halin yanzu, za a iya amfani da hayanan wasan wuta na nitrogen kuma ana amfani da shi ga aikace-aikacen injiniya a China. Daga cikin manyan nau'ikan Redardtry na Nitrogen, Melamine resins da kuma masu dacewa su ne manyan. Ofaya daga cikin halaye halaye shi ne cewa harshen wuta na baya shine wutar lantarki, lalacewa da kuma hada karfi da karfi yana da girma, gaba daya mai cutarwa, marasa guba da arha.
Siffa9
Faidai: FLAMO FLAMAR KYAUTA KYAUTA KYAUTA KYAUTA
Babban kayan haɗi na iskar shaka na nitrogen-nau'in hatsarori biyu zuwa uku a cikin oxidize mai ɗorewa da shafe-kayewa da yawa, wanda zai rage oxygen mai ruwa da ruwa Taro yayin shan zafi don kwantar da hankali. Nitrogenous Flame rheardts wani sabon nau'in ramukan harshen wuta tare da ƙarancin guba, in mun gwada da rashin lafiya mara kyau.
Manyan nau'ikan flame na nitrogen sune Triazine Cycletone gini, Milleline na Malleline, Etc. Gijsma et al. Hakanan kuma nazarin cewa MCA ta kara da Polyamide yana da tasiri mai tasiri a kan aikin polyamide. Rahoton bincike ya nuna cewa: Moreari Bugu da kari na MCA a cikin nailan ba kawai iya magance matsalar ul94v, darajar daraja na iya zama mafi girma daga cikin 31.0%.
Wang Qi et al. An ƙara sabon nau'in watsawa na MCA (FS-MCA) ta hanyar fasahar ƙasa zuwa kananan ƙananan bayanan PA6ERITS na kananan ɓangarorin poly fs-Mca, sutura, fluffy da tsayayyen ƙwayoyin cuta bayan tarawa. Babban aiki da daidaituwa mai kyau na harshen wuta na harshen Polymer pa66 ana iya cimma shi, abin da ya kamata ya inganta wutar lantarki yadda ya kamata.
Dianou ya samu nasarar shirya MCA tare da karfin ƙarfi da kuma mai ƙarfin ƙasa ta hanyar lura da ƙarancin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin cuta.
Fig.10 MCA MCA MCACK
Tushen Faidai: Abyawarin rashin hankali
Idan aka kwatanta da Mca na gargajiya, an gyara McCA yana da kaddarorin farfajiya na musamman kuma yana da sauƙin gudana da watsa a cikin pa66 resin. An kara da wasan kwaikwayon McA da aka gyara a cikin Matrix Pa66 Matrix yana da mafi girman ruwa, mafi kyawun wutar lantarki da kuma inganta kayan aikin injin. Saboda haka, inganta Mca na iya shawo kan rashin gargajiya na MCA. Yana bayar da fasaha mai banƙu, ta amfani da wannan MCA ta musamman na iya shirya kyakkyawan cikakkiyar rawar wasan flame retardant ta inganta Pa66.
2.3 phosphorus-nitrogen fadada harshen wuta
Ka'idar harshen wuta na yaduwa da yawa da ke nufin amfanin waɗannan kamfanoni guda uku da aka saba da ci gaba da tsarin ƙasa. Ana kuma kammala manyan kayan aikin carbon, tushen acid da tushen jirgin ruwa.
Harshen Freaya Fig.11
Faidai: Shafin yanar gizo na HongTiji Official
Source tushen Carbon, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, ƙone yawancin carbon dauke shi a cikin tsarin kwayar halitta. Carbon-dauke da kayan da ke cikin kayan daki-daki. Koyaya, saboda kaddarorin sunadarai na carbon kanta, bayan lalata a cikin kayan gas na babban abu, wanda ke aiwatarwa a matsayin lalata oxygen a cikin konewa da sauran hanyoyin.
Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, Infin Aci na aci yana nufin yawancin kayan aikin mu yau da kullun. Wasu high-zazzabi gas mai ba da ruwan hoda na polyphosphate na iya haifar da maganin da aka kirkira da aka samar akan kayan aikin polymer don ci gaba da ƙonewa a ƙarancin zafin rana.
Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, tushen jirgin sama yana magana ne ga kungiyoyin gas wanda ke zaune a cikin yanayin kariyar zafi, wanda zai iya toshe hasken wutar lantarki mai saukar ungulu da kuma rufin zafi.
Zhang Xujie et al. An inganta wani nau'in kariya na muhalli, ingantacciyar phosphorus da nitrogen Seriaukar girki da yawa ana iya amfani da ƙari ga marigen retard na harshen wuta na tekon. Zazzabi na marigayi na marigayi samfurori da aka samar ta hanyar shirye-shiryen zai iya isa ga EU ul94V-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0 Koyaya, saboda wanzuwar babban adadin hydrocarbons a cikin wannan ingantaccen wutar lantarki mai saurin rikitar da kayan masarufi saboda yawan abubuwan zobe na benzene. Sabili da haka, har yanzu akwai matsaloli da yawa a cikin ƙirar harshen wuta na nitrogen da mahadi na phosphorus a ƙasarmu, wanda ke buƙatar ƙara haɓakawa.
Rikodin farko da bazuwar yawan zafin jiki na phosphorus - Nitrogen intoya flame retardant shine kusan 200 ℃. Asarar nauyi ya kai 5% a misalin 240 ℃, da kuma adadin da pyrololysis ya dauki kusan 378 ℃ shima mafi girma a cikin duniya a lokacin. Sakamakon ƙarshe shine lokacin da kewayon yanayin zafin jiki ya kusan 600 ℃, da ƙarancin riƙe da wutar lantarki na iya kaiwaimari kimanin 36.5%.
Li Xia et al. Da farko ya auna kuma ya auna ƙungiyoyi biyu na carboxyl biyu a cikin tsarin harshen wuta na nitrogen-Phosphorus na nau'in ritardant. Bayan mutane sun yi amfani da shi, zai ƙara yin amsa tare da cyclophosphosphine kuma ba za ta iya zama cikin harshen Redardant gishiri, kuma ƙarshe ya haɗa da wutar lantarki 66 na Neylon.
Gwajin gwaji ya kuma nuna cewa Loi ya wuce sama da 27.14%, kuma sakamakon gwajin da aka samu ta hanyar gwajin Vertica ya samu ul94V-0. Kuma a cikin tsarin aiwatar da tsaye zai iya gani a farfajiya na kayan a hankali ya kafa mai laushi mai laushi da kuma kauri a tsaye na fadada abin mamaki. A carbon Layer kafa ta phosphorus - an nuna faduwar flame na nitrogen na nitrogen a cikin adadi a ƙasa.
Ⅲ.Kammalawa da tsammani
Bayyanar da harshen wuta na Halamen-kyauta yana sa harshen wuta ya sa harshen wuta a cikin aikin al'ada ba zai haifar da wasu abubuwa masu cutarwa ga jikin mutum da muhalli ba. Jerin wasan kwaikwayo na Halamus-Free-Free Wuta na Polyamiya ya zama sanannen samfurin a kasuwa. Halogen-Free flow retardants ja phosphorus da cyanuric acid iri biyu ne na samfuran polyamide tare da kyakkyawar aikace-aikacen kasuwa da kuma fatan ci gaba.
Fig.13 Flame-retardant polyamide
Figure: Defuki net
Ja Phosphorus yana da babban wutar wuta da kuma ingantaccen aiki, don haka zai iya inganta matsalolin da ke tattare da kayan aikin da kanta, amma a halin yanzu, ana amfani da su gaba ɗaya kawai a cikin Nylon 6.
Fig.14
Wani sabon harshen wuta na Halogen-kyauta ne a Polyamide shine Melamine Us. Babban kayan aikin aiki na iya zama mafi kyawun kayan gishiri a cikin phosphate na phosphate. Kodayake suna da kyawawan wutar lantarki mai kyau, suna da kwanciyar hankali mara kyau. Saboda sauyin abu mai sauƙi da sha mai danshi, abubuwan lalata lantarki na waɗannan samfuran sun kasance talakawa a ƙarƙashin aikin babban zazzabi da yanayin zafi na dogon lokaci.
Fig.15 Melamine Cyanuric acid
Faidai: Xiuchchechchcheng shafin yanar gizo
Kodayake wasu nau'ikan kayan wuta masu amfani da su na yau da kullun suna amfani da su a cikin wannan takarda suna da ƙimar su, kamar ƙarancin ƙarfi tare da haɓaka kayan wuta, ƙimar ƙarfi tare da ragewar kayan aiki, adadi mai girma da kuma babban raguwar ragi. Saboda haka, harshen wuta ya retardant na rashin daidaituwa na mara amfani ko na kwali na jirgin sama ba shi da kyau.
Sabili da haka, ƙarin masana suna amfani da hanyar haɗin haɗin 2 ko fiye da 2 na ramukan wuta don samar da tasirin ƙwararrun ƙa'idodi, don samun ƙarin tasirin ƙwararrun kalmomi. A halin yanzu, ingancin nitrogen-phosphorus flame Redardant ya fi girma, ajiyar samarwa ya fi, kuma samfurin samar da guragu ne da free-free.
Saboda haka, nitrogen da phosphogus harshen wuta na phosphorus ma yana kuma ɗayan mahimman ayyukan ci gaba na gaba a fagen ramuwar wuta a cikin kayan polymer a China. A halin yanzu, adadi mai yawa na sabon resarts na harshen wuta sun fito a kasuwa.
Muna wadatar da kowane nau'in daboren-free, flamerphorous da bromine ramints, wanda abokan ciniki ke amfani da su a Turai da Amurka.
Tambayoyi ana maraba da su a kowane lokaci:yihoo@yihoopolymer.com
Lokaci: Feb-27-2023